The defeat of the nail due to the fungus not only affects their aesthetics and the quality of life of the patient, but can also lead to severe complications. Especially dangerous is the disease for people with a weakened immune system and impaired hormonal background. The treatment of a fungal infection is difficult and takes a long time. The later measures are taken, the more difficult to get rid of nail parasites, so when you discover the first symptoms of the disease should as quickly as possible a dermatologist.
Causes of nail fungus
The defeat of the nail plate parasitic fungi-dermatophytes onychomycosis. The etiology of the disease is not only with the penetration of the parasite into the body, but also with fastening in the Horn-layers, which can not happen without the creation of certain conditions. The main cause of nail fungus is the presence of a favourable environment for the proliferation of microorganisms. The infection occurs during contact with the exposed areas of the body with infected objects, or with an infected Person.
After the penetration of the parasites on the skin, you start in the surface layer of the Epidermis and gradually, in a healthy skin.
Before the penetration of the fungi into the deeper layers of the disease are asymptomatic, and if there are no favorable conditions, pathogens, extruded slat, the newly formed healthy cells outside of the horn. When certain conditions occur for the formation of the favorable environment for the increase of the total mass of fungus, penetrate the nail plate and the rapid rise in the nail.
The impact of the fungus on the nails
In the absence of timely treatment, the fungus is valid for all healthy nails. Violation of the aesthetics of the appearance of the fingers and toes far from the most dangerous consequence of the disease. Athlete's foot is a hotbed of infection, which is able to provoke inflammatory processes in the Dermis and cause an increased sensitivity of the organism. As an Allergen, the excreta of the microorganisms, the high toxicity for the human body.
The causative agent of onychomycosis can trigger biological substances, the development of physical illnesses, including very serious. Under the influence of toxic bioactive substances, the following diseases can develop:
- inflammatory lesion of the skin of allergic nature;
- Lesions of the liver;
- sharp defeat of the entire surface of the skin and mucous membranes.
Persons with newly-diagnosed Diabetes mellitus not only to a greater extent at risk of fungal infection, but also more likely than others to suffer from the consequences of onychomycosis. In diabetic patients there is a violation of the sensitivity of the limb, what prevents the first signs of the pathology, and the delay in the treatment of diseases in patients of this category is full of infection, cracks on the skin in the case of avium. The most common complications of Diabetes fungal infection are:
- Bone Infection;
- Gangrene of the lower extremities;
- trophic ulcers on the feet.
Treatment Nail Fungus
Therapeutic course of onychomycosis is dependent on the stage of the identification of the disease and the nature of its course. The goal of treatment is eradication (total destruction) fungal parasites. Scheme of antifungal therapy, developed dermatologists on the basis of the results of the performed diagnostics, during which the type of pathogen, the disease and checked for the presence of other pathogens in the body (if bacterial complications).
Arsenal of healing techniques includes the destruction of fungi, the feasibility of the application of the doctor be determined on the basis of the degree of deformation of the nails. The treatment of fungus on the nails is one of the following methods:
- Drugs – in pathology, flows in a lighter Form, assign a local antimycotic agents (creams, ointments, gels, lotions, paints, Sprays) as a mono-therapy, if onychomycosis moderate and severe forms of the form of therapy supplemented by tablets, capsules for oral administration.
- The laser therapy is at insignificant damages in the absence of Co-infections, is an Alternative method that the prolonged intake of drugs.
- Removal of the nail plate – a radical way of therapy frequently recurrent onychomycosis and severe forms of the disease.
- Antibiotics – appointed in the event of complications fungal diseases of the bacterial infection.
Removal of the affected nail
Before the development of modern techniques of drug treatment of a fungal infection, removal of the nail, the only way to the liberation of mycoses. The classical method of removal of the affected nail plate is a surgical. To currently this highly-traumatic and pain method used rarely, which is associated with the risk of developing post-operative complications (infection of the wounds, long and difficult recovery phase).
To alternative, less painful methods of removal pedicure, and laser therapy. During this procedure softens the plate keratolytic medications, and layer-by-layer, using special instruments away (conical cutters with abrasive layers or Laser apparatus). The disadvantages of these methods the risk for allergic reactions, infection, incomplete removal of the fungus.
Remove the nail plate, without the mechanical action, and with the help of special medications. Medications, The the Keratin (the Biomaterial, which in the composition of the nails), called ceratolici soften. The mechanism of their action is based on the ability of the most important components (urea and acids), the directory structure on the plate, so that it is plastic and soft.
Tablets
Preformed preparations with moderate and severe fungal diseases of the. In the scheme of treatment of onychomycosis 2 groups of antimycotics – the azoles and the allylamines include, preferably. The effectiveness of the therapy with the use of oral agents increased significantly, but the pills must be carried out under medical supervision due to side effects associated with high-specific mode of action of antifungal drugs.
Ointments and creams
If there is no need for systemic treatment of fungal infections (light Form, the prevalence of the lesions is not more than 2/3 of the surface of the nail plate) drugs local action as a mono-therapy will be applied. Antimycotic ointments and creams potenziruut effect of drugs, on the inside, so the combined use of systemic and local therapy speeds up the healing process.
The medication of nail fungus the dermatologist will prescribe on the basis of the clinical picture of the disease and the results of the diagnosis of a specific pathogen. In the case of the wrong choice of means of treatment is not only inefficient, but also dangerous. The advantages of the use of creams and ointments to eliminate mildew are less side effects, more rapid elimination of unpleasant symptoms, the disadvantages – the duration of the course and the ineffectiveness in the case of serious diseases.
In the treatment of fungal nails and the toe nails paints
The resources of the local act which is for direct application to the nail, an Anti-fungal coatings. The inclusion in a therapeutic scheme, the application of the other formulations does not negate paints antifungal forms. Alone, these funds can only as a prevention. The advantage of the add-on therapy varnishes in the elimination of aesthetic defects in the Form of changes in color or deformation, the disadvantage is the high cost of the treatment cycle.
The mechanism of action of antifungal drugs in the Form of coatings based on fungicidal properties of its components. To enhance the effectiveness of your apply daily on cleansed of dead tissue and degreased to remove the nail plate (the old paint layer with a solvent).
Laser therapy
One of the most modern procedures in the treatment of the fungus laser therapy – burn-out laser beam of fungal colonies in a Matrix of Keratin plates without destruction of healthy tissue. Indications for carrying out this method, any Form and stage of onychomycosis. Laser application provides immediate death of the parasites, and speeds up the healing process. The number of sessions of laser therapy (duration about 30 min.) determined on the basis of the severity of the lesion. Produced Manipulation not pain deliver, and not lead to almost any side effects.
The treatment of nail fungus folk remedies
They use the recipes of traditional medicine in the treatment of onychomycosis is just one of the ways traditional therapies for the strengthening of its therapeutic effect. If for any reasons you cannot see a doctor when you have signs of fungus, should the measures as early as possible to prevent the transition of the disease in a severe Form (in an advanced stage of self-medication can lead to very dangerous consequences).
Given the high prevalence of fungal infections Alternative medicine offers many options to solve this problem with the use of internal and external resources. The most popular Folk remedies treatment of nail fungus:
- Vinegar (70% Essence). Effective and fast solution is the Pasta cooked in vinegar, eggs, and Butter. In the container you pour 200 ml of vinegar, reduce to remove the whole egg and in a dark place. After the dissolution of the eggs, pour off the liquid, and add 1 TSP oil. The resulting Paste should be applied and 12-14 hours under the film on the steamed plots. While softening of the plates you need to cut up to the complete disappearance of the signs of fungus infestation.
- Iod. If immediately after the discovery of the first symptoms of onychomycosis use as affordable an antiseptic such as iodine, – you can the Problem for 1-2 applications. In the later stages this method is ineffective. The Manipulation consists in the application of iodine to the affected areas until the substance no longer be absorbed. Before the procedure, the feet or hands should allow them to steam and dry completely. If you have a strong feeling of burning during treatment, you need to Drop limbs in a container with cold water.
- Juice of celandine. The plant has a bactericidal effect, therefore, its application for the treatment of fungal diseases. Therapeutic manipulations on clean feet or hands. In the juice from the stalks of a freshly demolished celandine, you should moisten a cotton pad and apply it on the affected area, covered with gauze. The daily three-time implementation of this method helps for 2-3 weeks to get rid of the symptoms of the disease.
- Hydrogen peroxide. One of the methods, promoting a rapid elimination of the fungal infection, is a three-stage procedure with application of hydrogen peroxide. The affected surfaces are processed first, with a mixture of vinegar (3%) and hydrogen peroxide (3%) in a ratio of 1: 1, then the fingers drop to 30 sec. in a very weak solution of sodium hypochlorite. After soaking in the Medium, rinse thoroughly, dry fingers or toes and apply on your nails a mixture made of tea tree oil and Vaseline. The duration of treatment is 1 week.
- Tincture Of The Wolf's Milk. For the treatment of skin and nail pathologies you can find all kinds of wolf milk. For the preparation of tinctures, you should pour a small amount of the raw material with boiling water and pull up to 45-50 degrees Infusion for 2-3 hours In the cooled must steam out of your hands or feet for half an hour. After 3-4 weeks of daily treatments, the symptoms of the disease disappear.
- Tea tree oil. The content in this Tool is used to such substances, such as limonene, alpha-terpinene, sabine, Alpha-phellandrene, Cineol, provides antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. For the destruction of fungi-dermatophytes bath is recommended for 8-10 weeks with the addition of 15-20 drops of oil.
Prevention
Parasites micro-organisms are widely used and everywhere full limit the contact with them is not possible, but taking into account certain precautions, you can the risk of infection. Prevention of onychomycosis is focused on reducing the probability of infection and the strengthening of the immune system to prevent the consolidation of pathogens in the body. Among the most important preventive measures:
- through the regular implementation of the hygienic measures for the care of the skin of the feet and the palms of the hands;
- the liberation of hyperhidrosis pedis;
- Elimination of excessive dryness of the skin cover;
- exposure of open skin with everyday items in public areas to visit;
- daily change of socks, stockings, tights, etc.;
- wear comfortable shoes and clothing from his permeability of the materials;
- timely treatment of microtrauma, degenerative changes of the nail plate;
- the observance of technology of sterilization and disinfection of the instruments for manicure and pedicure;
- The avoidance of harmful habits;
- the adherence to the principles of a balanced diet, limiting the amount of consumed sugar-containing foods;
- regular (spring and autumn) intake of Vitamin complexes.
You can not the symptoms of a disease to ignore or try to self-Diagnose. Most of the addresses for the medical treatment is already in a severe stage of the disease, which is associated with the trust of the patient because you don't have onychomycosis may develop, because of to all the rules listed. Note that even at observance of all recommendations for the prevention of fungal infections, the probability of infection, but some risk of infection is reduced.